Steroids are organic compounds that play crucial roles in the body. They are broadly categorised into:
Corticosteroids
These are medications often prescribed to reduce inflammation in the body. They treat conditions like asthma, arthritis and autoimmune diseases. Corticosteroids include tablets, oral liquids, inhalers, nasal sprays, injections, lotions, gels and creams. Their long-term use requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects.
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS)
These are the ‘performance-enhancing’ drugs. They can increase muscle mass, reduce fat and enhance athletic performance. AAS are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. They treat conditions like delayed puberty, muscle wasting diseases, and chronic low testosterone levels. However, their misuse outside these medical confines is widespread, especially among athletes and bodybuilders seeking physical advantages.
On a molecular level, steroids mimic certain hormones in the body. AAS, for example, behaves like testosterone. When introduced, it can promote muscle growth and enhance male sexual traits. The euphoria of rapid physical changes leads many down the path of abuse.