OSFED
Last Updated:
January 10th, 2024
OSFED may not have the same level of awareness as other eating disorders, but its effects on sufferers can be no less significant. Unfortunately, this lack of awareness and understanding can lead to sufferers isolating themselves from those who want to help them. At UKAT, we understand the challenges you face with OSFED. We assure you that with the right support, determination and courage, you can overcome OSFED and truly transform your life. This comprehensive guide will explore everything you need to know about OSFED: its causes, symptoms and, most importantly, effective treatment options.
What is OSFED?
OSFED stands for “Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder”. This term came into use with the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), replacing what was previously known as “Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified” (EDNOS). The change reflects a more nuanced understanding of eating disorders, acknowledging that many individuals suffer from significant eating-related issues that do not fit neatly into the specific categories of anorexia, bulimia or binge eating disorder.
What differentiates OSFED from other eating disorders is its variety of manifestations. The DSM-5 outlines several subtypes, each with its own set of criteria:
Atypical anorexia nervosa
This diagnosis is given to those who meet all of the criteria for anorexia nervosa but, despite significant weight loss, their weight is within or above the normal range. This usually occurs as they were previously overweight before the condition manifested.
Bulimia nervosa (of low frequency and/or limited duration)
This subtype includes individuals who meet all of the criteria for bulimia nervosa except that binge eating and compensatory behaviours occur less frequently or for a shorter duration than required for the full diagnosis.
Binge-eating disorder (of low frequency and/or limited duration)
Similarly, this is when all of the criteria for binge-eating disorder are met, but the behaviour occurs less frequently or for a shorter period than a BED diagnosis requires.
Purging disorder
Purging disorder is characterised by recurrent purging behaviour to influence weight or shape. This includes self-induced vomiting, the use of laxatives or diuretics and extreme exercise habits. It differs from bulimia as there is no binge eating involved.
Night eating syndrome
NED involves recurrent episodes of night eating as evidenced by eating after awakening from sleep or excessive food consumption after the evening meal. This behaviour is not better explained by external influences such as changes in the sleep-wake cycle or other social norms.
What causes OSFED?
The causes of OSFED, like many eating disorders, are multifaceted, often stemming from a complex mix of genetic, psychological and environmental factors. It is crucial to understand that while the manifestations of OSFED are diverse, the underlying causes often share commonalities with other eating disorders. Understanding these causes is a critical step towards recovery, as it helps in tailoring OSFED treatment to address the specific factors:
Common OSFED symptoms and signs
OSFED symptoms and signs can vary significantly from person to person, depending on which subtype they are suffering from. This can make both OSFED diagnosis and treatment very difficult. However, some common OSFED signs and symptoms include:
- Preoccupation with weight and body shape: An intense focus on body weight and shape, often accompanied by frequent checking in mirrors or avoidance of mirrors altogether.
- Eating habits: Irregular eating habits like skipping meals, restrictive dieting or overeating.
- Emotional changes: Increased irritability, mood swings or depressive symptoms related to eating habits or body image.
- Physical changes: Unexplained weight loss or weight gain, digestive issues or changes in menstrual cycle in women.
- Social withdrawal: Avoiding social situations, especially those involving food or withdrawing from previously enjoyed activities.
Recognising these OSFED signs is often the first step in seeking help before the situation becomes even more dangerous.
What are the effects of OSFED?
The effects of OSFED can also vary depending on how the disorder manifests in each person. However, some common physical effects of OSFED include:
Psychologically, OSFED can lead to:
Socially, OSFED can cause:
What does OSFED diagnosis Involve?
Given its diverse manifestations, a thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate OSFED diagnosis and effective treatment plan. Healthcare providers need to consider the person’s overall life context, including family dynamics, social situation and any past trauma or stressors that might be contributing to the disorder. This holistic understanding is vital for identifying their unique needs and creating an effective OSFED treatment plan. OSFED diagnosis may involve:
Physical OSFED assessment
The first step often involves a physical examination to assess your health. This may include checking vital signs, body weight and any physical symptoms related to eating patterns. Blood tests and other investigations may also be conducted to rule out medical conditions that could mimic or contribute to OSFED symptoms.
Psychological OSFED assessment
A detailed psychological evaluation is crucial. Mental health professionals will explore your relationship with food, body image, self-esteem and emotional well-being. This often includes discussing eating habits, attitudes towards weight and body shape and any co-occurring mental health issues like anxiety or depression.
Nutritional OSFED assessment
A nutritional assessment by a dietitian is key to understanding your dietary habits, nutritional intake and any misconceptions about food and nutrition. This assessment helps in identifying specific nutritional deficiencies and in planning a balanced diet to support physical OSFED recovery.
Compassion and sensitivity are imperative throughout the OSFED diagnosis process. OSFED, by its nature, can be challenging to identify and discuss, and individuals may feel vulnerable or misunderstood. Therefore, a supportive, non-judgemental approach fosters trust and encourages open communication.
What does OSFED treatment involve?
OSFED treatment requires a multifaceted approach tailored to each individual’s unique needs. At UKAT’s Banbury Lodge, we offer a holistic recovery programme that addresses not just the symptoms of OSFED but also the underlying causes and triggers of OSFED. Our OSFED rehab treatment includes:
Begin the OSFED recovery journey today
Embarking on the journey to OSFED recovery requires bravery and dedication. At UKAT, we are committed to supporting you on every courageous step. Remember, OSFED recovery is not just about overcoming an eating disorder; it is about reclaiming your life and realising your full potential. With the right support and determination, you can achieve lasting recovery and live a fulfilling life free from the shackles of OSFED. Contact UKAT today to get started.
